The statement 'bad behavior is punished, good behavior is not' aligns with Kohlberg's which level?

• A. Kohlberg's Preconventional Level
• B. Erikson's Autonomy vs Shame
• C. Freud's Anal Stage
• D. Piaget's Formal Operational Stage

Answer: (A)

This focuses on how people justify right and wrong based on external consequences. In the preconventional level of Kohlberg’s theory, morality is driven by punishment and rewards rather than internalized rules. Saying that bad behavior is punished and good behavior is not reflects obedience to authority and a concern with avoiding punishment, which is the hallmark of the first stage in this level.

Why the other options don’t fit: Erikson’s Autonomy vs Shame is about a child developing a sense of independence and self-control in social contexts, not about how moral decisions are justified. Freud’s Anal Stage centers on early psychosexual development and impulse control, not moral reasoning. Piaget’s Formal Operational Stage involves abstract and hypothetical thinking, not the motivation behind following rules to avoid punishment.